Abstract Background Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a heterogeneous disease with diverse clinical manifestations.Abdominal organ involvement is rare.Early diagnosis and active treatment are needed.The purpose of this article is to enable readers to have a better knowledge of LCH and prevent misdiagnosis.Case presentation A 2-month-old boy had diarrhea, hematochezia, and a rash, and was diagnosed as having a cow milk protein allergy (CMPA).
He was given an amino acid-based formula, but there was no sign of cheeks balm improvement in his condition.The patient then had a skin biopsy and was diagnosed as having multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis (MS-LCH).The general condition of the child deteriorated after the first two doses of chemotherapy, and the child died.Conclusions MS-LCH is a protracted and progressive condition with poor prognosis.Early diagnosis and treatment are essential for Mens Shavers survival.
If a child has chronic diarrhea and hematochezia in the presence of a characteristic rash, the pediatrician should consider the possibility of this disease to avoid misdiagnosis.